THE BEAUTIFUL ART OF BOROBUDUR TEMPLE INDONESIA

Borobudur temple is a heritage of our ancestors. Borobudur temple is located in Magelang, Central Java, about 40 KM from the Jogyakarta. Borobudur temple is also within walking distance of even one straight line and Pawon Mendut. The natural beauty surrounding Borobudur temple offers natural beauty is extraordinary. slain history and unique value add to the attractiveness of the local and foreign tourists. Borobudur temple is the largest Buddhist temple in the 9th century. This Buddhist temple has 1460 relief panels and 504 Buddha effigies in its complex. Millions of people are yearning to visit the buildings included in this World Wonder Heritages. Not surprisingly, since architecturally and functionally, as the place of worship, Borobudur is attractive.

Punden terraces Borobudur-shaped building comprises 10 levels. Height 42 meters before being renovated and 34.5 meters after the renovation because the lowest level is used as a barrier. Six lowest level of a square and three levels above and a circular highest level of Buddhist stupa facing to the west. Each level represents the stages of human life. In accordance schools of Mahayana Buddhism, 

every person who wants to reach the level of Buddha must through every level of life is.

The base of Borobudur, called Kamadhatu, symbolizing human beings that are still bound by lust. Four levels above referred Rupadhatu symbolizing human beings that have set themselves free from lust but still bound manner and form. At these levels, a statue of Buddha placed open. Meanwhile, three levels above where the Buddhist stupas are laid in holes called Arupadhatu, symbolizing human beings that have been free from lust, appearance, and shape. The top part is called Arupa symbolizes nirvana, where Buddha is residing.

Each terrace has beautiful relief panels showing how skillful. Relief that will be read coherently when you walk in a clockwise direction (towards the left of the entrance of the temple). In the reliefs of Borobudur tells of a legendary story, the Ramayana. In addition, there are relief panels describing the condition of society at that time. For example, relief of farmers' activity reflecting the advance of agriculture system and relief of sailing boat representing the advance of the cruise, who was based in Bergotta (Semarang).

Borobudur was built by King Samaratungga, one of the king of the ancient Mataram kingdom, descendant of Sailendra dynasty. Based on the inscriptions Kayumwungan, an Indonesian named Hudaya Kandahjaya revealed that Borobudur is a place of worship that was completed on 26 May 824. But anyway There are several versions about the time of construction of Borobudur. Some contend, Borobudur construction period is estimated to take about one century, between 750-847 AD in 3 generations of ancient Mataram kingdom Buddhist Sailendra dynasty. The construction of this temple began during the Maha Raja Sri Sanggramadananjaya Dananjaya the title, followed by his son, Samarattungga, and completed by his granddaughter, Dyah Ayu Pramodhawardhani.

Meanwhile, according to Prof. JG. De Casparis, based at Middle Reef inscription mentioning years of its establishment, the Year Sangkala: sagara kstidhara taste, or Caka year 746 (824), or during the Sailendra dynasty that glorifies God Indra. Casparis estimate Borobudur temple built by King Samarattungga in the year 824 AD Based on the inscription Kulrak (784M) temple construction was completed in 847 AD, that is, by his daughter, Queen Dyah Pramudawardhani.

In practice, the construction of the temple was assisted by a teacher from Ghandadwipa (Bengalore) named Kumaragacya, and a prince from Kashmir named Visvawarman as an expert advisor in the Tantric Vajrayana Buddhism. Architecture that creates the temple, by speech communities named Gunadharma .almost one hundred years since the beginning of construction. The name of Borobudur, as some people means a mountain having terraces (budhara), while the other says that Borobudur means monastery on the high place.

Some experts said that the position of the Borobudur Temple is located at an altitude of 235 meters above sea level. This is based on studies of the geologists who are able to prove that Borobudur at the time was a large lake area so most of the villages located around Borobudur Temple were at the same height, including Pawon and Mendut.

While the foundation of philosophy and religion invented by Stutterheim and NJ. Chrome, ie about Buddhism Mahayana Dharma-Yogacara and there is a tendency also mixed with a flow-Tantric Vajrayana. According to the survey-ethnologist Austrian anthropologist Robert von Heine Geldern, the ancestors of Indonesia already familiar with the culture in the Neolithic and Megalithic era from South Vietnam and Cambodia.                                                                              History of the origin of the name Borobudur, some antiquities experts expressed different versions. According to Prof. Dr. Poerbotjoroko, Borobudur comes Bhoro and Budur said. "Bhoro" is derived from Sanskrit which means complex "temple, bihara or dorm," while the word "budur" refers to the language of Bali, "beduhur" which means "above." This opinion is corroborated by Prof. Dr. WF. Stutterheim who argued that Borobudur means "bihara on top of a hill." While according Casparis, based Middle Reef inscription, Borobudur comes from BhūmiSambhāraBhudhāra, which in Sanskrit means "Hill set ten levels boddhisattwa virtue."

In 1991, Borobudur designated as UNESCO World Heritage. And in 2012, the Guinness World Records in London, England, is officially listed as a site of archaeological Borobudur Buddhist temple in the world. Recording was done on June 27, 2012 and have managed to get a claim number Borobudur Temple became a UNESCO world heritage list number 592 (1991) as an archaeological site in the world's largest Buddhist temple.

If you come to central java or Yogyakarta don’t forget to visit Beautiful art of Borobudur temple Indonesia. You will get new experience when you go up to the top of the temple. We will see Beautiful panoramic around the temple.